Lord’s Library editors created this resource on soteriology meaning in the Bible with key Scripture verses and commentary.
Soteriology is the branch of Christian theology that deals with the study of salvation as presented in the Bible. The term is derived from the Greek words “soteria” meaning salvation, and “logos” meaning study or word. This theological discipline explores the nature of sin, the blood atonement of Jesus Christ on the cross, and the means by which individuals are saved.
At the heart of the soteriology meaning in the Bible is the concept of sin and its consequences. See Romans 3:23: “For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;” The wages of sin, as Romans 6:23 elucidates, is death, but this verse also introduces the gift of God, which is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord:
- Romans 6:23: “For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.”
This duality of sin’s consequence and God’s gift introduces the central theme of soteriology: salvation through Jesus Christ.
Soteriology Meaning in the Bible
Salvation in Christian soteriology is understood as a gift of grace. Ephesians 2:8-9 says so importantly: “For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast.” Scripture underscores that salvation is not something earned via works righteousness but is a gift from God, given through faith in the Gospel of Jesus Christ. This concept of grace is foundational, emphasizing God’s unmerited favor towards sinful humanity.
The work of Christ on the cross is central to soteriology. The Scriptures detail how Jesus’ death, burial, and resurrection are the means by which reconciliation between God and humanity is achieved. Amen! See 2 Corinthians 5:21: “For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.”
This blood atonement, where Christ stands in the place of sinners, bearing their sins and imparting to them His righteousness, is pivotal for understanding salvation.
The concept of justification is a critical element in soteriology. See Romans 5:1: “Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:” Justification by faith is the act of God declaring a sinner righteous on the basis of faith in the Gospel of Jesus Christ. This is a legal declaration that brings the believer into a state of peace with God.
Sanctification is also a significant part of soteriology. It is defined by Webster’s 1828 Dictionary as “The act of making holy. In an evangelical sense, the act of God’s grace by which the affections of men are purified or alienated from sin and the world, and exalted to a supreme love to God.” See 1 Thessalonians 4:3: “For this is the will of God, even your sanctification, that ye should abstain from fornication:”
The assurance of salvation is often explored in soteriology as well. 1 John 5:13 provides an assurance: “For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments: and his commandments are not grievous.” It is grounded in the perfect promise of God’s Word, the work of Christ, and the inner witness of the Holy Spirit, which provides Christians with confidence in their salvation.
Through the exploration of these themes, believers can gain a deeper understanding of the grace of God, the magnitude of Christ’s sacrifice, and the journey of faith that leads to eternal life, as it is written.
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